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Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) encompasses a range of disorders that affect the blood vessels in the lungs, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), pulmonary embolism, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). These conditions can impair blood flow, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. Treatment varies depending on the specific condition and may include medications, procedures to remove blood clots, and surgical interventions.